Hydrocephalus Treatment in India
What is Hydrocephalus?
Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal enlargement of brain ventricles, caused by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF, a clear fluid vital for brain function, is absorbed by the brain and circulates through its cavity system and the subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord and brain, nourishing and safeguarding these vital organs. Left untreated, hydrocephalus can lead to brain damage.
This condition is more commonly observed in infants and adults aged 60 and above. Some experts estimate that normal pressure hydrocephalus contributes to 5-6% of all dementia cases.
Types of Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus manifests in various types, including :
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) : Typically observed in individuals aged 60 or older, NPH occurs when cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the brain's ventricles without significantly raising the pressure within the head.
Communicating or Non-obstructive Hydrocephalus : This type arises from inadequate absorption of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to its accumulation.
Non-communicating or Obstructive Hydrocephalus : Characterized by a blockage in the ventricular system, obstructive hydrocephalus hinders the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid.
Congenital Hydrocephalus : Environmental influences during fetal development or genetic predispositions can lead to this type of hydrocephalus, which may develop either before or shortly after birth.
Causes of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) can arise from various causes, including :
Congenital causes in Infants and Adults
Congenital hydrocephalus can have various causes in both infants and adults, including :
Acquired Causes in Adults
Acquired Causes in Children and Infants
Symptoms of Hydrocephalus
The symptoms of hydrocephalus vary depending on the individual's age and the stage of the condition. In infants, symptoms may include a rapid increase in head circumference, bulging fontanelle, downward deviation of the eyes, irritability, and seizures. Older children and adults may experience symptoms such as headaches, nausea, blurred vision, balance problems, changes in personality, cognitive decline, and urinary issues. Prompt medical attention is crucial if any of these symptoms are observed, as early diagnosis and intervention can greatly improve outcomes.
Symptoms in Older Children
Symptoms in Infants
Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus
Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus is done by performing following tests :
Treatment for Hydrocephalus
The treatment for hydrocephalus varies depending on its underlying cause and the presence of symptoms. Treatment options may include :
Wait and See Approach : In cases where hydrocephalus is incidentally discovered during imaging scans like MRI or CT scans, and is not causing any symptoms, a watchful waiting approach may be adopted. Regular monitoring and evaluation are essential in such situations.
Medication : If hydrocephalus is secondary to an infection, such as bacterial meningitis, antibiotics may be prescribed to clear the infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to address the underlying infection if it does not resolve spontaneously.
Surgery : Surgical intervention is often required for hydrocephalus. The surgical procedure aims to alleviate the blockage causing the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). For temporary hydrocephalus, a surgeon may insert a small catheter to facilitate drainage until the underlying cause, such as bleeding, resolves. In cases of congenital hydrocephalus or when the condition is chronic, a permanent solution like a shunt—a small tube—is surgically implanted to divert excess CSF away from the brain, typically to the abdominal cavity, where it can be reabsorbed by the body.
These treatment options aim to relieve symptoms and prevent complications associated with hydrocephalus. It's essential for individuals with hydrocephalus to work closely with their healthcare team to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their specific condition.
Shunt Operation for Hydrocephalus
Shunt insertion is a common surgical procedure for managing hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by fluid buildup in the brain. A shunt is a device designed to redirect excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) away from the brain, typically into the abdominal cavity, where it is safely absorbed into the bloodstream. This procedure is performed similarly in adults, infants, and children. During ventricular shunt surgery, a thin tube (the shunt) is surgically implanted within the brain to facilitate drainage. The CSF travels through this tube to a different part of the body, usually the abdomen, where it is reabsorbed into the bloodstream. A valve within the shunt controls the flow of CSF, ensuring that it does not drain too rapidly and helping to regulate the fluid balance in the brain. This procedure aims to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with hydrocephalus, providing relief and improved quality of life for individuals affected by the condition.
Cost of Hydrocephalus Surgery
India is globally renowned for its affordable and high-quality healthcare services. The treatment for hydrocephalus in India is notably cost-effective, offering a level of care comparable to that of developed countries around the world. With state-of-the-art medical facilities and skilled healthcare professionals, patients can access top-notch treatment for hydrocephalus without the burden of exorbitant costs. This makes India an attractive destination for individuals seeking quality medical care at a fraction of the price found in other parts of the world.
Start your Journey to Good Health With The Third Eye Medical Services
Start your Journey to Good Health With The Third Eye Medical Services
