Spinal Fusion, Decompression & Arthroplasty in India

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What is Spinal Fusion?

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure aimed at addressing issues related to the small bones in the spine. Its primary goal is to alleviate pain caused by abnormal motion of the vertebrae. Typically performed in the lumbar region, spinal fusion can also address thoracic and cervical problems. This procedure offers relief for various back problems, including:

  • Infection
  • Degenerative disk disease
  • Tumor
  • Spondylolisthesis
  • Fracture
  • Scoliosis
  • Spinal stenosis

Through spinal fusion, individuals can experience significant improvement in their quality of life by addressing these debilitating conditions.

Spinal Fusion Procedure

The spinal fusion procedure typically requires several hours to complete and involves various methods:

  • Metal Implants : Surgeons utilize metal implants to hold the vertebrae together until new bone growth occurs between them.

  • Bone Grafting : Bone graft material is sourced either from a bone bank or the patient's pelvic bone. This bone is then used to create a bridge between adjacent vertebrae.

Spinal fusion is employed to address fractures and a range of other spinal issues, including spinal stenosis and age-related spinal conditions. By stabilizing the spine and promoting bone growth, this procedure aims to alleviate pain and improve overall spinal health.

Cervical Spinal Fusion

Cervical spinal fusion, also known as arthrodesis, is a procedure that involves permanently connecting two or more adjacent vertebrae. Normally, there is a spinal disc between each vertebra, acting as a cushion and allowing for some movement. However, cervical fusion is typically performed when a spinal disc is causing problems by pressing on a nerve, such as in the case of disc herniation. Cervical spinal fusion can be performed through various methods :

  • Metal Plates : In some cases, metal plates are surgically attached to the bone to join adjacent vertebrae together.

  • Disc Removal : Alternatively, a spinal disc may be removed to facilitate fusion between neighboring vertebrae.

  • Bone Grafting : Bone material sourced from either a bone bank or the patient's own body is used to create a bridge between adjacent vertebrae.

  • Vertebra Removal : In certain instances, an entire vertebra may be removed before fusing the spine.

  • Metal Implants : Metal implants are also utilized to hold the vertebrae in place until new bone growth occurs.

Cervical spinal fusion aims to address various conditions causing discomfort or pain in the neck and upper spine, ultimately restoring stability and improving overall spinal health.

What is Spinal Decompression Surgery?

Spinal decompression surgery encompasses various procedures designed to alleviate symptoms caused by compression or pressure on nerve roots or the spinal cord. Conditions such as thickened joints, bony growths, collapsed discs, bulging discs, and loosened ligaments can narrow the openings of spinal nerves and the spinal canal, leading to irritation. Symptoms of nerve compression include :

  • Unsteadiness
  • Pain
  • Weakness
  • Tingling
  • Numbness

Spinal decompression surgery aims to relieve these symptoms by reducing pressure on the affected nerves or spinal cord, ultimately restoring function and alleviating discomfort. It is an effective treatment option for individuals experiencing debilitating symptoms due to spinal compression.

Techniques for Decompression

Spinal decompression surgery employs various techniques to alleviate pressure on nerve roots or the spinal cord. These techniques include :

  • Foraminotomy or Foraminectomy : Involves the removal of bone or tissue to widen the space where nerve roots exit the spinal canal, known as the neural foramen.

  • Diskectomy : Surgical removal of a portion or the entirety of a damaged or herniated intervertebral disc that is pressing on nearby nerves.

  • Corpectomy : Removal of a portion of the vertebral body, along with adjacent discs and tissues, to decompress the spinal cord or nerve roots.

  • Laminotomy or Laminectomy : Involves the removal of a portion of the lamina (the bony arch of the vertebra) to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.

  • Osteophyte Removal : Surgical removal of bone spurs or osteophytes that may be compressing spinal nerves or the spinal cord.

These techniques are tailored to the specific condition and location of spinal compression, aiming to alleviate symptoms and restore normal function. It is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate technique for individual cases.

Lumbar Decompression Sugery

Lumbar decompression surgery effectively addresses leg and back pain unresponsive to other treatments by relieving pressure on pinched nerves. This procedure involves removing a small portion of bone over the disc material or nerve root, creating space for healing. It also treats spinal stenosis, reducing pressure on internal structures causing symptoms like numbness and tingling. By improving mobility and reducing discomfort, lumbar decompression surgery enhances the quality of life for individuals with persistent pain.

Laser Back Surgery

Laser back surgery offers a minimally invasive solution to alleviate pressure on spinal nerves caused by bone fragments or bulging discs. With minimal trauma to the spinal area, the procedure involves a small incision through which a specialized portal is inserted. Utilizing laser technology, the surgeon dissolves parts of herniated or bulging discs, providing immediate relief from back pain. Remarkably, the entire procedure typically takes less than an hour to complete, and patients often experience noticeable improvements in their symptoms shortly after surgery. This advanced approach to back surgery allows for quicker recovery and minimal disruption to daily life.

Total Disc Arthroplasty

Total disc arthroplasty is a surgical intervention aimed at alleviating pain caused by a degenerated disc. During this procedure, the problematic disc is removed and replaced with an artificial mobile disc, which mimics the natural movement of a healthy disc. This innovative approach not only relieves pain but also preserves mobility in the spine, unlike fusion procedures where mobility is lost. Total disc arthroplasty is also known as cervical artificial disc replacement, spinal arthroplasty, and disc replacement. By restoring functionality and reducing discomfort, total disc arthroplasty offers a promising solution for individuals suffering from disc-related spinal issues.

Who should consider Disc Replacement Surgery?

  • Age and Skeletal Maturity: Candidates should be at least 18 years old and have attained skeletal maturity.
  • Diagnosis of Myelopathy or Radiculopathy: Individuals diagnosed with myelopathy or radiculopathy, accompanied by bone spurs or disc herniation, are potential candidates.
  • Treatment at One Cervical Level: Candidates requiring treatment at only one cervical level are suitable for disc replacement surgery.
  • Persistence of Symptoms: Candidates whose symptoms persist despite conservative treatments like pain relievers, chiropractic care, and physical therapy may be considered for disc replacement surgery.

Procedure of Cervical Artificial Disc Replacement

  • A surgeon pulls aside the soft tissues of muscle, fat and skin. Windpipe or trachea is also removed so as to gain access to the cervical spine.
  • Then the area where disc fragments are pressing against the spinal cord or nerve roots (neural structures) is exposed.
  • The removal of bone material and disc is done from neural structures so as to provide more space (decompression and discectomy).
  • The artificial disc is secured and inserted by using specialized instruments into the intervertebral space.
  • The next step is to put the neck and other structures back into place.
  • Finally the incision is closed.

Nonsurgical Spinal Decompression

Nonsurgical spinal decompression is a groundbreaking technique designed to treat disc injuries in the low back and neck without surgery. This safe procedure employs FDA-approved equipment to apply controlled forces to spinal structures gradually. Nonsurgical spinal decompression treatment effectively addresses various conditions such as herniated discs, burning arm or leg pain, bulging discs, degenerative disc disease, sciatica, facet syndromes, and pinched nerves. Proper screening is crucial, and only individuals deemed suitable candidates are accepted for this specialized treatment.

Cost of Spinal Disease and Disorders Treatment in India

If you're experiencing severe back pain and have been advised by doctors to undergo spine surgery, consider seeking treatment at world-class hospitals in India. Known for their excellence in healthcare, India offers top-quality spinal fusion surgery at a fraction of the cost compared to many other countries. Patients from around the globe choose India for its affordable yet high-quality medical care, making it an ideal destination for those seeking effective treatment for spinal disorders.

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