Liver Cirrhosis Treatment in India
What is Cirrhosis?
Cirrhosis is the term used to describe the scarring of the liver, resulting from various liver conditions and diseases, including chronic alcohol abuse and hepatitis.
What is Liver Cirrhosis?
The liver, the second-largest organ in the body, plays crucial roles such as producing essential nutrients, purifying the blood, and detoxifying harmful substances. The development of scar tissue impedes blood flow within the organ, compromising its structural integrity. Consequently, the liver's ability to process hormones, toxins, nutrients, drugs, proteins, and other substances is hampered. The functions of the liver encompass :
Causes of Liver Cirrhosis?
The primary causes of this condition typically involve alcohol abuse, hepatitis, and fatty liver. Nonetheless, any harm inflicted upon the liver can lead to the development of cirrhosis, including :
It also includes some inherited diseases :
Symptoms of Cirrhosis
Advanced symptoms include :
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Cirrhosis
The most reliable diagnostic test for cirrhosis is a liver biopsy. This procedure is recommended for patients in whom the presence of cirrhosis is not evident through other means. Additional diagnostic methods involve physical examinations, a review of medical history, and routine tests. In some cases, further tests may be conducted to identify the underlying disease causing cirrhosis.
Stages of Cirrhosis
Stage 1 : In the early stages of cirrhosis, patients may experience symptoms such as dry mouth, swelling of the upper abdominal area, jaundice, fatigue, and occasional itching. Eliminating cirrhosis is more feasible during these initial stages.
Stage 2 : Without proper medical care, there is a progression to stage 2, during which the abnormal tissues formed in stage 1 undergo a transformation into rigid bands of connective tissue. Fibrosis, the process of tissue transformation, results in the spread of both fibrosis and inflammation in the periportal and portal veins of the patient.
Stage 3 : In this stage, the rigid bands of connective tissue merge with each other, causing significant enlargement. This enlargement disrupts the normal functions of the liver, leading to difficulties in digesting fats, storing nutrients, and supporting proper blood circulation. The condition of cirrhosis can contribute to heart and kidney problems.
Stage 4 : This stage is regarded as the most critical phase of cirrhosis. At this advanced stage, liver transplant surgery becomes a viable option. Following a liver transplant, the liver typically resumes normal functioning.
Treatment for Cirrhosis
Following are the treatments for the cirrhosis condition :
To manage cirrhosis symptoms, specific medications may be prescribed. Reducing dietary salt intake can address ascites and edema. Diuretics, a type of medication, not only prevent the recurrence of edema but also eliminate excess fluid. Altered mental function resulting from cirrhosis can be addressed through a combination of drug and dietary interventions.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Also known as malignant hepatoma, hepatocellular carcinoma is a form of liver cancer. The following are various conditions that can elevate the risk of developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma :
Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis
Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis occurs when the bile duct is unable to efficiently transport bile due to a secondary cause, resulting in blockage, scarring, or inflammation. This condition can be triggered by various factors such as cystic fibrosis, a congenital defect of the bile ducts, or the presence of gallstones. Other contributing factors include :
Cost of Cirrhosis Treatment
In contrast to the surgical expenses in Europe and America, the cost of treating cirrhosis is significantly more economical in India, thanks to its outstanding healthcare facilities. This cost-effective treatment option draws patients from various parts of the world.
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